This indicator shows marine biodiversity protection by Mediterranean MPAs by combining areas of legal and managerial protection in an overall response index. A protection index was created by summing up one simple indicator (legal protection) and one composite indicator (managerial protection) for 1ha pixels for the whole Mediterranean Sea (based on MAPAMED, the database on Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas, MedPAN, RAC/SPA, 2014).
The Marine Protected Area Protection Framework (MaPAF; Rodríguez-Rodríguez et al., 2016) was adapted to update progress on the protection of Pelagos Sanctuary marine biodiversity. Accordingly, protection was conceived as an additive process entailing two complementary factors: 1. Legal protection and 2. Managerial protection. Legal protection was assessed through two indicators: 1.1. Legal designation, contributing to protection coverage targets, and 1.2. Regulation stringency, contributing to strict protection targets. Managerial protection was assessed via two indicators: 2.1. Existence of a management authority for the site, and 2.2. Existence of a management plan that is fully implemented (this layer). Both indicators are expected to contribute to effective Marine Protected Areas & Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures (OECMs) management targets. Thus, a site can be legally protected (typically, an MPA), by management measures (e.g. an OECM), attaining different degrees of conservation to their biodiversity. Therefore, a site that has been endowed a stringent legal designation category which has an appointed managerial authority that fully implements the site’s management plan is assumed to have greater protection than a site with opposite characteristics.
The layer shows type and location of pilot sites involved in FishMPABlue2 project. FishMPABlue2 is a Pilot Project + Capitalisation Project of the biodiversity protection community funded by the Interreg Med Programme. The FishMPAblue2 project deals with “Fishing governance in marine protected areas: potentialities for Blue Economy 2”. In this specific pilot site, scientifically sound monitoring of ecological, fishery techniques & socio-economic aspects related to management of small scale fisheries in MPAs are addressed.
This map presents the distribution and marine influence of aquaculture fish farms in the Mediterranean Sea coast. The indicator presents the distribution of aquaculture fish farms (Trujillo et al., 2012 and EMODnet, 2014) in the Mediterranean Sea. Influence area of fish farms (self-calculation) is based on the theoretical maximum distance at which they produce pressure (20 km according to 'Human uses, pressures and impacts in the eastern North Sea, HELCOM, 2012').
The indicator shows the potential pressure generate by fishing activity in regions close to the coast. Med-IAMER developed an expert-based approach to estimate the spatial distribution of fishing activities and the related pressure of harmful fishing techniques on marine environments. This approach resulted in this cumulative fishing indicator, that aims at provide a spatial explicit estimation of main pressures exerted from fishing related activities, particularly trawling and dredging, taking into account the variables for which spatial data are available and that had a specific influence on marine ecosystem. Maximum distance considered is 100 km. Three variables were taken into account to produce this indicator: fishing effort, calculated by a classification of ports according to their fishing fleet tonnage, average vessel length overall and number of trawlers, using the DG MARE database on ports and fishing fleet; soft bottoms above 1.000 meters depth, and main resident endangered species of cetaceans, turtles, sharks and rays threatened by bycatch according to the IUCN Red List and reports.
El mapa describe la estimación de captura de carbono (CO2) por grandes barrios en la Ciudad de Málagaen 2022, siendo los valores más altos (11) representativos de aquellas zonas de la ciudad donde se produce mayor secuestro de carbono, mientras que los más bajos (1), son representativos de las localizaciones en las que se produce menor captura de CO2.La presente información ha sido elaboracda utilizando tres variables principales: vegetación existente en la ciudad de Málaga(2022), permeabilidad del suelo(2018)y áreas lacustres de la ciudad(2022).Los sumideros de carbono son sistemas naturales o artificiales que absorben dióxido de carbono de la atmósfera y lo almacenan en forma de carbono orgánico, como biomasa o materia orgánica del suelo. Los sumideros de carbono desempeñan un papel crucial en la mitigación del cambio climático, ya que ayudan a reducir la cantidad de CO2 en la atmósfera, un gas de efecto invernadero que contribuye al calentamiento global.
This indicator represent the pressure on marine ecosystems due to climate change on a continuous scale of intensity from low to high. The pressure on marine ecosystems due to climate change was determined by a composite indicator based on the combined influence of two variables: sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, where the temperature exceeds a threshold value like the long-term mean (differences in anomaly frequency between 2000-2005 and 1985-1990), and sea level rise (SLR), which show the sea level rise trends in mm/year.
Data represents the number of moorings in marina ports per kilometre of coastline for each NUTS3 or equivalent (e.g. province) region. The total number of moorings was obtained from the data compiled by ETC-UMA on the location and capacity of the marinas, assigning each port its corresponding NUTS3 code and counting the total number of moorings. This value was divided by the length of the region's coastline in km. Results show low to high intensive capacity for this activity by region.
The map represents the distribution of resident species of cetaceans in the Mediterranean Sea based on observations registered in EMODnet Biology Portal. Species list is based on ‘Marine mammals and sea turtles of the Mediterranean and Black Seas’, IUCN, 2012. Species list includes the following cetaceans: Common Bottlenose Dolphin, Cuvier’s Beaked Whale, Fin Whale, Long-finned Pilot Whale, Risso’s Dolphin, Short-beaked Common Dolphin, Sperm Whale, and Striped Dolphin. Species list is based on ‘Marine mammals and sea turtles of the Mediterranean and Black Seas’, IUCN, 2012.
Medbiolitter database summarises results of scientific studies on biodiversity and marine litter interactions in the Mediterranean Sea. To this end, information is collected from different data sources, such as institutions or projects, as well as peer-reviewed publications. One of the main sources of data is LITTERBASE/AWI, only including the coverage within the Mediterranean Sea. The database currently comprises 1047 records on interactions. Interaction refers to encounters between wildlife and litter items and are classified in four categories: 1) Ingestion, which is the most frequently observed interaction, followed by 2) entanglement, which affects motility, often with fatal consequences, 3) colonization, which occurs when many species settle on floating litter, and 4) others, including different types of less frequent interaction. The database includes among others the location, the type of interaction and litter, marine realm (beach, sea surface, water column, seafloor), habitat, species, whether it occurs in a marine protected area and the type in such case, as well as references to the publication from which the data are extracted.