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environment

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  • This European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC) dataset provides the maps of Topsoil Soil Organic Carbon in EU-25 (reference year 2014) that are based on LUCAS 2009 soil point data through a generalized additive model. The data provided have been prepared for use by the Land Resource Management Unit (Institute for Environment & Sustainability) of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission. This metadata refers to two maps: a) Map of predicted topsoil organic carbon content (g C kg-1) : The map was produced by fitting a generalised additive model between organic carbon measurements from the LUCAS survey (dependent variable) and a set of selected environmental covariates; namely slope, land cover, annual accumulated temperature, net primary productivity, latitude and longitude. The format provided is GeoTIFF. b) Map of standard error of the OC model predictions (g C kg-1): This map presents the associated uncertainty to the organic carbon content predictions. The standard error, which shows the theoretical range of deviation in the prediction made by the generalized additive model, was calculated for every pixel of the Map of predicted topsoil organic carbon content, based on the posterior covariance matrix of the fitted parameters. The format provided is GeoTIFF. The map of predicted OC content had the smallest values in Mediterranean countries and in croplands across Europe, whereas largest OC contents were predicted in wetlands, woodlands and mountainous areas. The map of the predictions' standard error had large uncertainty in northern latitudes, wetlands, moors and heathlands, whereas small uncertainty was mostly found in croplands. The map produced gives the most updated general picture of topsoil OC content at the European Union scale. IMPORTANT NOTE: this metadata is only for internal EEA use. The original metadata of this dataset prepared by ESDAC can be found here: https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/topsoil-soil-organic-carbon-lucas-eu25. For any problem / question / comment on this dataset, please contact ec-esdac@ec.europa.eu. About ESDAC: a) Panagos P., Van Liedekerke M., Jones A., Montanarella L., “European Soil Data Centre: Response to European policy support and public data requirements”; (2012) Land Use Policy, 29 (2), pp. 329-338. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.07.003 b) European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC), esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu, European Commission, Joint Research Centre

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    This dataset represents a data compilation of coastal sand dunes distibution along the Northern coasts of Mediterranean Sea. The dataset was compiled by the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR, Institute of Oceanography) in collaboration with the partners of the project "POSBEMED: Sustainable management of the systems Posidonia-beaches in the Mediterranean region". Coverage is the territory of the following EU countries: Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, Greece, Malta, and Cyprus. The dataset produced for the purposes of POSBEMED project is not exhaustive, and its careful use is recommended.

  • The map shows the distribution of main cruise ports in the Mediterranean Sea. Pressure on marine regions are represented by the port influence area, based also on their activity level. The dispersal of port-derived pollution was modeled as a diffusive plume based on their activity level using Eurostat data on transport of goods (thousand tonnes) and passengers (thousand passengers). Calculations were made following the same methodology developed for ESaTDOR Project (ESPON, 2013).

  • The map shows the distribution of main ferry ports in the Mediterranean Sea. Pressure on marine regions are represented by the port influence area, based also on their activity level. The dispersal of port-derived pollution was modeled as a diffusive plume based on their activity level using Eurostat data on transport of goods (thousand tonnes) and passengers (thousand passengers). Calculations were made following the same methodology developed for ESaTDOR Project (ESPON, 2013).

  • The map shows the distribution of main goods transport ports in the Mediterranean Sea. Pressure on marine regions are represented by the port influence area, based also on their activity level. The dispersal of port-derived pollution was modeled as a diffusive plume based on their activity level using Eurostat data on transport of goods (thousand tonnes) and passengers (thousand passengers). Calculations were made following the same methodology developed for ESaTDOR Project (ESPON, 2013).

  • The map shows the distribution of main passengers transport ports in the Mediterranean Sea. Pressure on marine regions are represented by the port influence area, based also on their activity level. The dispersal of port-derived pollution was modeled as a diffusive plume based on their activity level using Eurostat data on transport of goods (thousand tonnes) and passengers (thousand passengers). Calculations were made following the same methodology developed for ESaTDOR Project (ESPON, 2013).

  • The indicators represent the distribution and degree of accumulation of marine in the Mediterranean Sea. Main source data were modelled by Lebreton et al., 2012 using a Lagrangian particle tracking model to simulate 30 years of input and transport of floating debris in the world’s ocean. The relative contribution of different sources to the total amount was taken into account in their model.

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    This indicator shows marine biodiversity protection by Mediterranean MPAs by combining areas of legal and managerial protection in an overall response index. A protection index was created by summing up one simple indicator (legal protection) and one composite indicator (managerial protection) for 1ha pixels for the whole Mediterranean Sea (based on MAPAMED, the database on Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas, MedPAN, RAC/SPA, 2014).

  • Map representing the number of establishments per km2, as an indicator of the local intensity of tourism capacity. This pressure index is based on Eurostat tourism statistic on number of tourism accommodation establishments and the DMSP-OLS Nighttime Lights Time Series image. Eurostat's tourism capacity statistics differentiate between coastal and non-coastal areas within a NUTS2 region. The total number of establishments in coastal areas of a NUTS2 region was disaggregated to the most intense nighttime light emission pixels of the Nighttime Lights Time Series assuming that most bed places are located in areas with high nighttime light emissions. Results are showing low to high intensive tourism capacity per km2 pixel.

  • The map represent the distribution of resident species of turtles in the Mediterranean Sea based on observations registered in EMODnet Biology Portal. Species list includes the Loggerhead and Green Turtles. Species list is based on ‘Marine mammals and sea turtles of the Mediterranean and Black Seas’, IUCN, 2012.